Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology

ABSTRACT: Hypertension associated viral infection is an important issue and requires a better treatment approach. This study was done to assess the association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) and hypertension in Iraqi individuals. The study involved 800 patients; their blood samples were subjected to Anti-CMV IgM and the blood pressure status was reported for each patient. The study showed that the 256 patients were positive to Anti-CMV IgM, 105 of them were combined with high blood pressure out of 800 patients. These results revealed that the infection with CMV may trigger increase in blood pressure which should be taken into consideration in treatment approach.

KeyWords: Cytomegalovirus, infection, hypertension.

How to cite: Layla Fouad Ali. Association of Cytomegalovirus Infection with Hypertension in Iraqi Patients. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1199-1201

ABSTRACT: Escherichia coli is considered as a source for various invasive and noninvasive diseases especially in the children of age groups two to eight. E coli pathogenicity is related to the presence of capsular polysaccharide. The large structure of polysaccharide is covered bacterial cell surface and act as protective barrier, facilitates adhesion, and increase bacterial virulence by inhibiting specific and non-specific host immune responses. In this paper we evaluated the effect of partial purified polysaccharide layer which has been purified from Escherichia coli strain on phagocyte and IgG levels and use it as adjuvant. Five strains of E. coli were collected from different clinical sources (urine, wound and burn). Then, the antibacterial activity of several common antibiotics toward all isolates was detected by Kirby-Bauer method. For further in vivo evaluation, treated mice were immunized by injection subcutaneously (S/C) with 50 µg/ml of partial purified capsule while control group were injected with normal saline. The results of antibiotic susceptability test showed that all isolates resistant in 100% to Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Amikacin, Cefepime whereas showed variable resistance to Imipenem. The results of immunization showed increased in the number of phagocyte (29), lymphocyte (21), neutrophil (10), eosinophil (1), monocyte (1), while basophil cells showed no change in their level in comparison with other cells, In addition, the concentration of IgG (Ig) antibody in the serum of treated mice was (15.1) mg/ml, while the concentration in the control group was (4.1) mg/ml. Finally, the results of challenge were shown all treated mice were still live while untreated mice (control) were dead.

KeyWords: Escherichia coli, adjuvant, phagocytosis, antibody.

How to cite: Suhad Saad Mahmood et al. Effect of partially purified capsular polysaccharide of Escherichia coli on phagocytosis and IgG levels. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1202-1205

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to analyze cholera public awareness among educated Iraqi population. We carried out an educated population-based survey using a special questionnaire at 2016. The sample included 190 educated adults (31 males and 159 females) in Baghdad. The results of this study highlights that the public awareness of cholera disease among educated Iraqi citizens was high about general information, low about transmission ways, and moderate about control, protection and treatment. All study population (100%) agree that the cholera is non- communicable disease, infect child more than the other and transmission is correlated with habitat. Our work has led us to conclude that the awareness of cholera disease among the educated category of Iraqi citizens need to improve, especially about transmission ways, control, protection and treatment.

KeyWords: Cholera, awareness, Iraq.

How to cite: Hanan J. Nayyef et al. Public awareness of cholera in Baghdad: A demographic study of educated Iraqi citizens. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1206-1211

ABSTRACT: Mango waste is a source of bioenergy through anaerobic digestion. Although abundant in Burkina Faso, this material is not valorized through the process, due to technical problems. This study aims to determine the physicochemical parameters, to find efficient starter inoculums and to determine optimal organic loading conditions for mango waste transformation into biogas. Samples of mango waste were collected from mango transformation plant and fruit markets in different localities of Burkina Faso (Bobo Dioulasso, Orodara and Ouagadougou) were used as substrate. The physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods (AFNOR, APHA) and the biogas produced was analyzed by gas chromatography. From the physicochemical analysis, Total solids, Volatile solids, Ash, Total carbon and pH were 8.04%; 99.7 ± 0.1%; 0.27 ± 0.02%; 57.83 ± 0.5%, and 5.87, respectively. Pig manure slurry was found to be efficient inoculum from mango waste anaerobic digestion and the optimal organic loading was 10% with 74 % of methane produced.

KeyWords: Mango waste, anaerobic digestion, inoculum, biogas, methane.

How to cite: Désiré Traoré et al. Valorization of mango waste by biomethane production in Burkina Faso. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1212-1218

ABSTRACT: Glucosamine sulfate is molecule involved in the formation of articular cartilage and frequently used for symptom relief in patients with Osteoarthritis. This molecule is well tolerated with scarce secondary effects. The aim of this paper is to report the frequency of presumed glucosamine nephrotoxicity in Iraqi patients. The current study design to determine the chronic effects of Glucosamine sulfate (GS) in the kidney of Albino mice. The study included (30) mice divided into 3 groups (control group had distilled water orally). The other groups treated with (2500, 3500) ml/kg, for (6, 12 weeks). The kidney has been taken from dissected animal for microscopic preparation. The study of the glomerular and renal tubule kidney that appeared in the histological changes frequently histopathologic dose and depends on changes of the exposure groups during (6, 12 weeks). The effects were Congestion, Infiltration, Necrosis, degeneration, amyloid and atrophy.

KeyWords: nephrotoxicity; Glucosamine sulfate; kidney, Histological changes.

How to cite: Lamyaa abdulridha fadhil. The chronic effects of glucosamine sulfate (GS) on kidney in Albino Mice. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1219-1226

ABSTRACT: The consequences of oil pollution to the environment and human health as a result of exploration activities, transportation and usage of petroleum compounds, has become a serious challenge to environmental scientists. This study evaluates the potential of using Bacillus subtilis in biodegradation of petroleum compounds. Ten Bacillus strains from non-petroleum contaminated sites were identified on the basis of microscopy and biochemical tests. The ability of B. subtilis S4 to degrade crude oil was tested by growing in crude oil contaminated soil. The biodegradation products were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). The GCMS indicated that some high molecular mass components of the crude oil were broken down to lower molecular mass compounds. Octacosane (MM = 394) disappeared after biodegradation with Bacillus S4. It is suggested that B. subtilis has the potential to degrade crude oil.

KeyWords: Biodegradation, Bacillus, Crude oil, Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy.

How to cite: Mohammed Inuwa Ja’afaru et al. Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Bacillus species isolated from Different Sources. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1227-1232

ABSTRACT: One hundred sample of bovine milk were collected from different area in Baghdad city/Iraq, and cultured on the selective medium, Mannitol Egg Yolk Polymyxin Agar (MYP), for isolation of Bacillus cereus, biochemical tests were carried out for identification of B.cereus colonies then confirmed by API 20E and Vitek 2 systems, 15 (15%) isolates has been diagnosed as B.cereus and identified with PCR technique used specific primer of 16SrRNA with 676 bp. Three different bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from bovine milk with percentage of (60%), (80%) and (40%) respectively used as target bacteria. The 15 B.cereus isolates designed as (BC1- BC15) tested for their ability to produce bacteriocin as antimicrobial activity against target bacteria the results showed that all the (15) isolates were able to produce bacteriocin with percentage 100%, one isolates (BC4) was selected which showed the largest inhibition zone diameter against target bacteria (14mm) against S.aureus (8mm) against E.coli and (6mm) against P.aeruginosa, Sequence analyses have been determined for (BC4) isolates. The protein concentration of bacteriocin was (0.27 mg/ml).

KeyWords: Bacillus cereus, 16SrRNA, Bacteriocin, Bovine milk.

How to cite: Doaa Adel Al-Ani et al. Molecular Detection of locally Bacillus cereus isolated from Bovine milk. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1233-1238

ABSTRACT: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in humans; especially among children, elders and immune-compromised individuals around the world. This study aimed to focus on the prevalent human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) of the upper and lower respiratory tract that causes severe and acute infections among children below the age of 15 years in Iraqi community. A total 195 nasopharyngeal swabs samples were collected from patients having flu-like illnesses; during time between September 2016 and May 2017. All samples were tested under molecular criteria for both viruses by using "Real time PCR" techniques. Result showed 58 (29.74%) positive for hMPV, and 13 (6.67%) other samples were positive for RSV. The mean age of hMPV and RSV was 33.28±5.3 and 19.93±4.8 month, respectively and more than 60% of infected cases were under 3 years' old children. This represented the highest significant difference of hMPV infection in young children of other age groups. Although the RSV cases observed in children less than 2 years, there is no significant difference among infected children. On the other hand, the frequency of hMPVs among the months showed high significant fluctuation likely in Oct, Nov and Jan months. But nearly spring and late winter months, especially Feb and Mar showed the highest percentage of the RSVs infection (seasonal infection) with slightly statistical significant differences between them. In conclusion, performing the multiplex RT-PCR assay to report the molecular epidemiology of Paramyxoviridae in respiratory tract along with influenza virus during flu season.

KeyWords: human Metapneumovirus, Respiratory syncytial virus, ILI, RT-PCR, ARTI.

How to cite: Noor S. Atyah et al. Molecular detection of Subfamily Pneumovirinae among Children with Flu-like illness by using RT-PCR. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 5(5) 2017: 1239-1244

Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol

CRMB :::: Vol.5, No.5, September - October 2017